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“ I want to be a millionaire,” or “ I want to be a big man ”,
or “I want to travel and see everything in the world
This tendency to develop toward a goal of totality is a
phenomenon common both to living and to dead matter.
A drop of oil suspended in a solution of water tends to
assume a spherical form regardless of its shape on being
introduced into the solution. The acorn grows into an
oak by a fixed and unchanging evolution. The acorn is
the microcosm of the oak, just as the child-personality is
the microcosm or prototype of the adult-personality.
The tadpole and the larva develop in a straight line of
evolution into frog and bee in much the same fashion
that “ the child is father to the man ”.
3. The goal of an individual's life usually represents the
complete compensation or over-compensation of his own
inadequacies. In early childhood the goal-idea is usually
concretized in some one person who, to the child, seems
a perfect, all-powerful being. Thus the small boy who
suffers from rickets and cannot coordinate his muscles
properly wants to be a motor-cycle policeman because the
motor-cycle policeman seems to embody all the strengths
which he lacks. The poor boy wants to be rich. The ugly
duckling finds its ideal in the stately swan. The child
with poor digestion dreams of himself as a fat banker
with great wealth, the social compensation of his interest
in food. The short-sighted child wants to study the stars.
Nature fills in defects with a lavish hand. If a tubercle
bacillus lodges in our lung, nature throws up a more than
adequate defence of fibrous tissue. The callous formation
about a fracture in a bone is always larger and stronger
than the bone itself. A boil represents the overwhelming
defence of the body against invasion of germs. The child
seeks an over-plus of activity in adult life to compensate
him for the inadequacies of his childhood.
4. The goal of an individual's life-pattern is fixed when
his critical faculties are still undeveloped. It may therefore
represent the compensation for defects which only seem to
exist, and it may he concretized in a goal-ideal which, to
adults, seems very inadequate. (Our goal in life, therefore,