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extreme depression, he may whip himself to a false sense
of superiority and ability by the additional use of cocaine,
which counteracts the effects of morphine or heroin.
The vicious circle is begun. Because }these drugs cannot
be obtained legally, the drug addict soon becomes the
victim of unscrupulous pedlars who exact enormous
payments for their contraband. The step to crime or to
the disgrace following the discovery of the unfortunate
habit is a short one. Painful periods of withdrawal of
the drug are followed by succeeding depression, and
again the temptation to use morphine recurs with over¬
powering force.
The cure of the morphine habit must be two-fold—
a physiological removal of the drug, followed by a psycho¬
logical treatment which removes the temptation to avoid
reality and mental pain by the development of a better
attitude toward life, and by training the addict in a
better technique of living. The psychological cure is the
more important part of the treatment.
Psychological Aspects oj Alcoholism
The use of alcohol as an intoxicant and narcotizing
agent is well-nigh universal. Used in moderation by
normal people, alcohol in the form of wine and beer
probably has a legitimate use as a beverage, and in certain
countries the use of alcohol has always been an adjunct
of civilized living. In America, under Prohibition,
drinking has become a political football, a holocaust of
crime, racketeering, and adult infantilism. Temperance
can never be achieved by law—it can be achieved only by
education to normal living. To run counter to this
fundamental psychological law is to court the very disaster
that has followed on all attempts to limit human nature
by legal compulsions.
If we look aside from the national aspects of the
problem of alcohol to its place in the economy of the
individual, we find that the urge to abuse alcohol is
comparable to that of abusing morphine and its derivatives.