Electro-physiology and electro-therapeutics : showing the best methods for the medical uses of electricity / By Alfred C. Garratt.

there is anresthesia also of the face, and that perhaps without the loss of motion, because the fifth is mostly a nerve of sensation. Again, if the corrugator supercilii muscle, and the anterior portion of the broad occipito-frontalis muscle are paralyzed, — for they are depending on the portio dura, — then the forehead is smooth — and cannot be wrinkled; nor can the patient frown. The transverse wrinkles depend upon the first-named muscle, while the perpendicular wrinkles, as seen between the eyes and over the nose, depend upon the comtgator. In extreme cases of such paralysis, the eyebrow drops so as to hang over the eye- ball, and give the countenance a most doleful appearance. If the twin zi/gomatici muscles, together with the levator anguli oris are paralyzed, as they too are animated by the portio dura, then that angle of the mouth is greatly depressed, and the whole mouth is drawn to the opposite side ; but on the sound side the corner of the mouth appears to be higher, and drawn upward towards the ear. On the palsied side the corner of the mouth gives the fullest expression of pouting. If, then, the muscle orbicularis oris is paralyzed, it is shown by the patient being unable to purse up the mouth, or to whistle ; the lips are drawn and stretched by their sound end far back towards the ear on the sound side, allowing a drool- ing of the saliva, and greatly preventing labial pronuncia- tion. If the deeper and larger buccinator muscle be paralyzed,—for this, too, is depending upon the portio dura, — then that cheek will appear remarkably bloated, flaccid, and old. And during res- piration the cheek is then seen to be unable to resist the outward and inward pressure of air, and hence the breathing is some- times stertorous in some degree, much as it is in apoplexy when this condition obtains on both sides during the fit. The power of biting is not much impaired, for the very good reason that the masseter and temporal muscles are not depending upon the portio dura nerve ; but the process of eating is awkward and troublesome, because the food accumulates between the cheek, the teeth, and gums.