Electro-physiology and electro-therapeutics : showing the best methods for the medical uses of electricity / By Alfred C. Garratt.

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But for the remedial use of the primary currents of galvan- ism, not as a cautery, but as a peculiar nervine, by a catalytical or polarizing effect on the nerves and muscles, we find Dr. Rob- ert Remak, a Prussian physician, the most strenuous recent advocate. CHAPTER III. ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES. For therapeutical means we may have recourse to three classes of electrical instruments, viz., the Electric Machine, the Galvanic Battery, or the Induction Apparatus. There is quite a variety of instruments in all three classes, but we should choose them according to their action, and the form of the element they respectively produce. Electricity in motion, as we have seen, results from the reunion or neutralization of the two separated opposite electric principles. This may be instantaneous, inter- mitted, or continuous. In the former case it constitutes the simple discharge; in the second case a more or less continuous current; in the third, there are produced rapidly interrupted currents, which are usually as frequently alternated or reversed. Therefore the latter, as electro-magnetism, is best wherever we wish rapidly discontinuous and alternated currents. The gal- vanic battery is best for sustaining a more or less continuous cur- rent in a given direction. The friction " electrical machine " is the best for producing electricity of high tension, as sparks, or the instantaneous discharge, also called the " shock." By the electrical machine we get a peculiar form of electricity for remedial purposes, possessing great intensity, while there is but feeble quantity. This machine may consist of a revolving cylinder, or plate of glass, which is submitted to the friction of cushions or rubbers. As a general thing, a plate machine is, for equal size, of far higher power than the cylinder; but it mat- ters very little which form of friction machine is used. If we were going to purchase for practical purposes, we should de- 9