Electro-physiology and electro-therapeutics : showing the best methods for the medical uses of electricity / By Alfred C. Garratt.

body; yet the exceptions are frequent, and are to be borne in mind. He also affirms that a lesion of the third nerve, pro- ducing paralysis of the eyelid, was, in six cases, on the same side with the lesion of the brain, in five on the opposite; paralysis in the muscles of the eyeball in eight cases on the same side, in four on the opposite; and paralysis of the iris in five cases on the same side, and in five on the opposite. In the British and Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review of Jan- uary, 1850, Dr. Gull further states the facts which have fallen under his own observation, as regards paralysis of the third nerve, as follows: 1. Pupil largest on the same side of the dis- ease in the brain; vision being lost. 2. Eyes turned from the paralyzed side. 3. Ptosis on the side opposite to the paralysis of the extremities and the face. 4. Though no obvious affec- tion of the iris or recti may exist, yet a patient may turn his eyes most readily from the affected side, and open the eye the widest on the side of the paralysis. Hence he concludes, that when the third nerve is implicated in ordinary hemiplegia, and is affected cither slightly or considerably, it is the nerve of the same side villi the lesion that sujfcrs; whilst the paralysis of tlic facial nerve, and still more uniformly the paralysis of the spinal nerves, is crossed. These latter propositions, so far as they relate to the portio dura, wc should say, however, are still doubted, by many learned pathologists. When examining cases of supposed cerebral paralysis, we usually find that in a portion of the cases, the electro-muscular contractility of the palsied muscles is more or less diminished; that the muscles of such are soft and flaccid; that the polarity of the nerves is diminished. Whereas, in another portion of these patients, wo find the electro-muscular response is unnat- urally exalted; and these are the very cases, according to Dr. Todd, that present " rigidities" and probably have an existing irritative lesion of the brain. Then there is a third portion, although fewer in number, where there is no difference in this respect to be observed between the healthy limb and the para- lytic limb. The following rule is thus deduced by the aid of electro-muscular contractility, and all cases of paralyzed mus-